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The output of the PIR sensor module is monitored through GP5 (pin 2) of PIC12F635. When the motion is sensed, this output is high at about 3.3 V (my sensor module has a 3.3V regulator IC on board). You could still use this voltage as a valid logic high for PIC12F635, but I preferred to use this voltage to drive the base of an NPN transistor (BC547) so that at the collector we will have the full swing of the logic voltages. Now, the microcontroller monitors the voltage at the collector of the transistor. During the normal condition, the transistor is cut off, and the collector output is at logic high (+5 V). When the motion is sensed, the high output from the sensor module saturates the transistor and the voltage at the collector drops down to logic low. The jumper selection for trigger is at H position, so the sensor output will remain active as long as the motion exists. Note that the PIC12F635 microcontroller uses the internal clock oscillator at 4.0 MHz. The MCLR function is disabled and WDT is OFF in this project.

Current Project / Post can also be found using:

• mini projects in sensors and transducers
• project for tranducer

The post MOTION SENSOR USING PIR SENSOR MODULE WITH PIC MICROCONTROLLER AND WITHOUT MICROCONTROLLER appeared first on PIC Microcontroller.

Description

The AS3935 is a programmable Lightning Sensor^™ IC that detects the presence and approach of potentially hazardous lightning activity in the vicinity.  It detects intra-cloud activity as well as cloud to ground flashes, often enabling risk to be evaluated for approaching storms. The US National Weather Bureau suggests the 30-30 rule when lightning is imminent (When a flash is seen and the thunder is heard less than 30 seconds later, the storm is within 10 km. Head immediately for a safe shelter. Stay in the shelter for 30 minutes after the last sound of thunder you hear).

Austriamicrosystems has introduced a lightning sensor IC with an RF receiver that detects the electrical emissions from lightning activity.

The device could be used in portable lightning sensors which could become consumer safety products.

Using an algorithm developed by the firm in the AS3935 then converts the RF signal into an estimation of the distance to the head of the storm.

“The algorithm, which draws on extensive meteorological survey data, produces an estimated distance-to-storm calculation from 40km down to 1km, while rejecting disturbances from man-made signals such as motors and microwave ovens,” said the supplier.

Dubbed the Franklin Lightning Sensor, it has low power operation with a current consumption of 60µA and is packages in a 4mm x 4mm 16-pin MLPQ package.

A typical application for the AS3935 requires only a simple microcontroller with a SPI or I2C interface and seven other passive components allowing it to fit easily in a space about the size of an automobile keychain remote.

www.austriamicrosystems.com/Lighning-Sensor/AS3935

For more read:  Lightning detector on a chip

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Introduction

Just a handful of components builds an 8-pin microcontroller based circuit for temperature logging via a serial port; small, fast, and acceptably accurate.

Features

• provides real-time data to your computer via serial port,
• interfaces up to four DS1820 temperature sensors,
• absolute accuracy near 0.5 degrees celcius (as per DS1820 specifications),
• relative accuracy near 0.01 degrees celcius,
• speaks in Centigrade or Fahrenheit (selectable by header pins),
• powered by your computer’s serial port, no extra supply to organise,
• data format easily processed, no special programs required,
• minimal parts count reduces cost,
• built-in serial number for circuit identification,
• special versions available for exotic requirements; high speed, low speed, additional sensors, long distance or pedantic serial bus.
• spare inputs can be used as single-bit digital inputs, (feature removed from final version but can be re-inserted),

Applications

A few ideas of how this circuit can be used:

• simple weather reports for web pages,
• computer power supply temperature warnings,
• redundant critical systems monitoring,
• house temperature monitoring,
• complex home automation tasks (start fan if warmer outside during winter),
• refrigerator testing,
• brewing temperature regulation,
• fish tank heater verification,
• microclimate logging (ground versus air temperature),
• daylight sensing (LDR on digital input),
• primitive locking (using serial number),
• remote monitoring of emu fat in a freezer truck,

Availability

The electronics kit maker Kitsrushas released a PCB and kit of this design. Other kit sellers also sell the kit. Here is a summary:

(If you also sell this kit, and you would like to be added to the list, please write to me, including your country, organisation name, links to your web site and to the kit page. There is no reciprocal link condition. You may be asked to provide a link to this page, but that is for compliance with the software license.)

Theory of Operation
The program in the microcontroller knows two protocols; the one wire bus used by the DS1820 temperature sensor, and the serial protocol expected by your computer. Once power is applied, the program fetches data from the sensors and sends it to the serial port, repeatedly.

The data from the DS1820 arrives in a format peculiar to the sensor. The program calculates the temperature from the data and translates it into human readable ASCII digits. No special program is required on the computer.

Usage Instructions
Plug the circuit into the serial port of a computer. Persuade the computer to expect serial data at 2400 baud, 8 bits, no parity, one or two stop bits. Ask the computer to raise the DTR signal. (See below for software that will do this for you.) The microcontroller will start talking to the connected DS1820 sensors and the circuit should begin transmitting data to the computer. For example:

For more detail: Quozl’s Temperature Sensor Project using PIC12C509

Current Project / Post can also be found using:

• mini projects using transducer
• www temperature measurement using microcontroller with c program and pdf com
• how to detect metal without contact using pic16f877a
• introduction of water trmperaturr display project

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The are many cool sensors available now a days, ranging from IR distance sensor modules, accelerometers, humidity sensors, temperature sensors and many many more(gas sensors, alcohol sensor, motion sensors, touch screens). Many of these are analog in nature. That means they give a voltage output that varies directly (and linearly) with the sensed quantity. For example in LM35 temperature sensor, the output voltage is 10mV per degree centigrade. That means if output is 300mV then the temperature is 30 degrees. In this tutorial we will learn how to interface LM35 temperature sensor with PIC18F4520 microcontroller and display its output on the LCD module.

First I recommend you to go and read the following tutorial as they are the base of this small project.

• Interfacing LCD Module with PIC Microcontrollers.
• Making the LCD Expansion Board for PIC18F4520.
• Using the ADC of PIC Microcontrollers.

After reading the ADC tutorial given above you will note the the PIC MCU’s ADC gives us the value between 0-1023 for input voltage of 0 to 5v provided it is configured exactly as in the above tutorial. So if the reading is 0 then input is 0v, if reading is 1023 then input is 5v. So in general form if the adc read out is val then voltage is.

unsigned int val;

val=ADCRead(0); //Read Channel 0

voltage= ((val)/1023.0)*5;

The above formula give voltage in Volts, to get Voltage in mili Volts (mV) we must multiply it with 1000, so

voltage=((val)/1023.0)*5*1000); //Voltage is in mV

since 10mV = 1 degree, to get temperature we must divide it by 10, so

t=((val)/1023.0)*5*100); //t is in degree centigrade

simplifying further we get

t=((val/1023.0)*500);

t=(val*0.48876);

we round off this value, so

t=round(val*0.48876);

remember round() is a standard c library function

Hardware for LM35 based thermometer.

You will need a PIC18F4520 chip running at 20MHz attached with a standard 16×2 LCD Module and LM35 on AN0 pin. LM35 is a 3 pin device as show below.

connect the +Vs Pin to 5v and GND to GND. The output must be connected to the analog input pin 0 of the PIC18F4520 MCU. It is labeled AN0 in the datasheet. It is pin number 2 on the 40 pin package. It is also called RA0 because it is shared with PORTA0.

We will use our 40 PIN PIC Development board to realize the project. The base board has all the basic circuit to run the PIC. The extra part required for this project like LCD and the LM35 temperature sensor are installed in the expansion board.

For more detail: Interfacing LM35 Temperature Sensor with PIC Microcontroller.

Current Project / Post can also be found using:

• Circuit for fire fighting robot using pic mcro 16f887a
• transducer pic
• interfacing LM35 with pic microcontroller chip
• pic programming for robot

The post Interfacing LM35 Temperature Sensor with PIC Microcontroller. appeared first on PIC Microcontroller.

In the first part of this discussion, the features of ACS712 device were briefly discussed. Now we will use that theory to implement the ACS712 sensor to make a simple DC current meter. The analog output voltage from the sensor is measured through an ADC channel of the PIC16F1847 microcontroller. A voltage to current conversion equation will be derived and implemented in the firmware of the PIC microcontroller and the actual load current will be displayed on a character LCD.

Experimental circuit setup

We are going to setup a test experiment to demonstrate the use of ACS712 to measure a DC current. I am using an ACS712-05B breakout module (you can find them cheap on ebay) for this purpose.

It has got a 1 nF filter capacitor connected between pin 6 and ground, a 100 nF decoupling capacitor between power supply lines, and a power on LED soldered on the board. The power supply and output lines are accessible through header pins on one side, whereas, the current terminals are connected to a 2-pin terminal block on the opposite side, as shown below.

The experimental circuit diagram of the DC current meter is shown below. A 2.7 Ω (rated 2 Watt) resistor is connected in series with the current terminals and a varying dc voltage is applied to vary the current through the resistor and the current path. The output of the sensor module goes to AN0 (pin 17) ADC channel of the PIC16F1847 microcontroller. A 16×2 character LCD is used to display the measured current output.

I am using my PIC16F1847 breadboard module along with the Experimenter’s I/O board to demonstrate this experiment.

The microcontroller uses the supply voltage (+5V) as reference for A/D conversion. The digitized sensor output is processed through software to convert it to the actual current value. The mathematics involved in the process is described in the white board below.

For Vcc=5V and ADC Vref=5V, the relationship between output voltage and ADC Count is

But,

Important note: The calculations shown above considered supply voltage Vcc = Vref = 5.0 V. Interestingly, the final equation relating I and Count remains the same even the power supply fluctuates. For example, suppose Vcc fluctuates and becomes 4.0 V. Then, the sensitivity of the ACS712-05B also changes to 0.185 x 4/5 = 0.148 mV.

If you repeat the above calculations with Vcc = Vref = 4.0 V and sensitivity = 0.148 mV, you will end up with the same equation for I and Count. This was possible because of the ratiometric output of the ACS712 sensor.

The equation clearly tells that the current resolution for this setup is 26.4 mA, which corresponds to count 513, one count higher than the zero current offset. Therefore, this kind of arrangement is not suitable for measuring low current. You need an external Op-Amp circuit to enhance the resolution and be able to make more sensitive current measurement. If you are interested on that, you can visit Sparkfun’s ACS712 Low Current Sensor Breakout page that provides a circuit diagram for such an arrangement.

For more detail: A brief overview of Allegro ACS712 current sensor. Part 2 – Interface the sensor with a PIC microcontroller

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The tutorial aims at providing the necessary information for interfacing an analog type temperature sensor with a Microchip PIC Microcontroller. PIC (Peripheral Interface Controllers) was introduced in 1985. The PIC16F876A has 8K of Flash Program Memory, 368 bytes of Data Memory (RAM) and many other attractive features. Some features are ADC, USART, and 14 Interrupts all in 28 PDIP Package.

The Analog temperature sensor used is LM35. It has a transfer function of 10mv/’c. The output of LM35 is analog voltage which varies with changes in temperature. This analog voltage is digitized using the On-Chip 10bit A/D Converter and the value is displayed on a 2×16 LCD.

It is possible to switch On/Off an external application based on temperature value.

The LCD is based on HD44780 controller. The programming has been done using the MikroC compiler from Mikroelektronika (www.mikroe.com). The demo version has a 2KB Hex Output limit, fortunately it is more than enough for our requirement.

Program

int t1,temp;

char *text[6];

void main()

{adcon1=14;

lcd_init(&portb);

lcd_out(1,1,”Temperature”);

lcd_out(2,8,”‘C”);

while(1)

{t1=adc_read(0);

//temp=0.245*t1;          // For TMP37 Sensor 20mv/’c

temp=0.245*t1*2;        // For Lm35 Sensor 10mv/’c

inttostr(temp,text);

lcd_cmd(lcd_cursor_off);

lcd_out(2,1,text);

delay_ms(100);}}

The program is self explanatory, however let me explain you the calculation done. In a while loop. The Input channel 0 is read and the digitized value is obtained. Now the smallest digitized value is equal to Vref/((2^10)-1). Internal Vref is 4096mV but we will consider 5000mV for the ease of calculation. Multiplying the value obtained above with the digitized value will give us the analog voltage. Since the transfer function of Lm35 is 10mV/’c, we can obtain the temperature.

For more detail: Interfacing Temperature Sensor with Microchip PIC16F876A

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Measuring muscle activation via electric potential, referred to as electromyography (EMG) , has traditionally been used for medical research and diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders. However, with the advent of ever shrinking yet more powerful microcontrollers and integrated circuits, EMG circuits and sensors have found their way into prosthetics, robotics and other control systems. Yet, EMG systems remain expensive and mostly outside the grasp of modern hobbyist.

This instructable will teach you how to make your own muscle sensor / EMG circuit to incorporate into your next project. Use it to control video games, robot arms, exoskeletons, etc.

Click on the video below for a demonstrations on how to hook up and use your EMG circuit board!
You can now also purchase  EMG sensors, kits, cables and electrodes at www.AdvancerTechnologies.com!
Muscle Sensor Kit (now also on SparkFun)

Muscle Sensor Electrodes
Note: This sensor is not intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation treatment, or prevention of disease, in a man or other animals.

About Advancer Technologies 
Advancer Technologies is a company devoted to developing innovative game-changing biomedical and biomechanical technologies and applied sciences. Additionally, Advancer Technologies promotes all forms of interest and learning into biomedical technologies. To help culture and educate future great minds and concepts in the field, they frequently post informative instructions on some of their technologies. For more information, please visit www.AdvancerTechnologies.com .

Step 1: Materials

Click on the links to go to where you can buy items/order free samples.
Circuit Chips
3x TL072 IC Chip  – Free Samples
1x INA106 IC Chip  – Free Samples

Cables and Electrodes
1x EMG Cables   (set of 3)… Note: you could optionally connect the alligator clips directly to the electrodes.
3x EMG Electrodes

Power
2x 9V Battery
2x 9V battery clips

Capacitors
• 2x 1.0 uF Tant 
• 1x 0.01 uF Ceramic Disc
• 1x 1.0 uF Ceramic Disc  

Resistors
• 3x 150 kOhm 1%  
• 2x 1 MOhm 1% 
• 2x 80.6 kOhm 1%
• 6x 10 kOhm 1%
• 1x 100 kOhm Trimmer 
• 1x 1 kOhm 1%

Misc
• 2x 1N4148 Diode
• Jumper wires
• 3x Alligator clip cables

Optional
• 1x Oscilloscope
• 1x Multimeter

Step 2: POWER SUPPLY

To start things off, you’ll need both a positive and negative voltage power supply. We will make these using two 9V batteries.
Now, everyone knows what a positive voltage power supply is, (e.g. common battery) but how do you go about making a negative voltage power supply?
Common electrical circuit rule of thumb is when you connect two batteries in series (eg positive terminal of battery 1 connected to the negative terminal of battery 2) then measure the voltage from the negative terminal of battery 1 and the positive terminal of battery 2, the measured voltage is equal to the summation of the voltages of battery 1 and battery 2.
For this circuit we want a +9V and a -9V power supplies. If we connect our two 9V batteries in series, we will get a power supply of +18V. So how do we get the -9V from these two?
It might help to think about what voltage actually means… voltage is an electrical potential difference. The keyword here is difference. Voltages are only meaningful in terms of the reference point (or more commonly referred to as ground).

A voltage is the electrical potential between this reference point and the point you are measuring. Do you see the answer yet?
We do indeed get a +18V voltage reading if we use battery 1’s negative terminal as the reference point… but what if we choose the connection between battery 1’s positive terminal and battery 2’s negative terminal? If we use this point as our reference or ground, then battery 2’s positive terminals voltage will be +9V and battery 1’s negative terminal will be -9V!
Using your breadboard, 9V batteries and battery clips, connect the battery clip wires as shown. However, for the time being, disconnect the positive terminal of battery 2 and the negative terminal of battery 1. It is good practice to always disconnect your power while you assemble a circuit. At the end of the assembly we will reconnect these wires to power the circuit on. (You could also add switches to do this)

Step 3: SIGNAL ACQUISITION

Next, we will work on the signal acquisition phase of your EMG circuit which we will use to measure your body’s nervous system’s electrical impulses used to activate muscle fibers.
First, get out your INA106 IC chip (chip A) and insert it into your breadboard as illustrated above. The INA106 is a difference amplifier which will measure and amplify (G=110) the very small voltage differences between the two electrodes you place on your muscle.
Next, grab two 1 M ohm resistors, bend them and then plug them in to your breadboard like the two examples shown. One should connect pins 5 and 6 and the other should bridge pin 1 to your ground rail of your board.
Don’t worry about the other pins of the INA106 for now; we’ll come back to those later.

Step 4: SIGNAL CONDITIONING – Amplification

In this phase, we’re going to take those very small signals measured in the SIGNAL ACQUISITION phase and amplify them.
Let’s start first with two series of amplification; the first will be inverting amplifier with a gain of -15. An inverting amplifier does exactly what it sounds like. It amplifies your signal but also inverts it. You can find more info about inverting amplifiers here .
We are going to first build an inverting amplifier with a gain of -15. To do this, we’ll need one of the TL072 chips (chip B), one 150 kOhm resistor and a 10 kOhm resistor.
Place chip B as the picture indicates. Now use a jumper wire and connect pin 6 of chip A two rows past pin 8 of chip A. Grab one of the 10 kOhm resistors and plug one pin into this row as well. Connect the other pin to pin 6 of chip B. Bend a 150 kOhm resistor and connect one pin to chip B’s pin 6 and the other to pin 7. You can calculate the gain by G=-R2/R1 or in this case G=-150 kOhm / 10 kOhm. (See image 1)

Next, we are going to add a capacitor to AC couple the signal. AC coupling is useful in removing DC error offset in a signal. Read more about AC and DC coupling here .
Continuing on, we are going to add an active high pass filter to get rid of any DC offset and low frequency noise. To do this you will need two 150 kOhm resistors and a 0.01uF capacitor. Use a jumper wire and the 0.01 uF capacitor to bridge the center gab of your breadboard as shown. (One end of the jumper wire should be connected to pin 7 of chip B). The 150 kOhm resistor will connect the capacitor you just placed to pin 2 of chip B. Now, bend the 150 kOhm resistor and push it into connect pins 1 & 2. (See image 2)
Also, go ahead and connect chip B’s pin 4 to your -9V rail, pin 8 to your +9V rail, and pins 3 & 5 to your GND rail.

For more detail: DIY Muscle Sensor / EMG Circuit for a Microcontroller

Current Project / Post can also be found using:

• pic baded robit car
• pic based robots
• Pic microcontroller programming for robotics
• robot making using PIC

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Temperature sensors are widely used in electronic equipments to display the temperature. You can see the digital clock displaying the room temperature value. It is due to the temperature sensor embedded in it. Generally, temperature value is analog. It is converted to digital value and then it is displayed. This article describes the same converting analog value to a digital value.

• Resistors – R1 to R7 having the value of 330 Ohms each.
• LM35 Temperature sensor
• ATmega8 Microcontroller
• 7 Segment Display

Digital Temperature Sensor Circuit Design:

The digital temperature circuit consists of ATmega8 microcontroller, LM35 temperature sensor, 7 segment display. The temperature sensor Lm35 is connected to one of the ADC channels of microcontroller.

For more detail: Digital Temperature Sensor Circuit

Current Project / Post can also be found using:

• picd “leds
• leds and sound on pic 16f84a
• micrcntroller pic led project list of pdf com
• pic microcontroller projecgs for 8 to 8 led metric

The post Digital Temperature Sensor Circuit appeared first on PIC Microcontroller.

The Toshiba TCM5115CL is the latest addition to its sensor line-up for digital still cameras which offers high image quality using backside illumination technology (BSI) to improve sensitivity and imaging performance. The TCM5115CL is a 1/2.3-inch CMOS image sensor with an imaging pixel array of 5216 (H) × 3920 (V). Use of the CMOS process enables low power consumption and high-speed operations. The TCM5115CL is designed to meet the demands of high quality, fast frame rate image capture and HD video recording supporting smooth slow motion playback, and delivers the high frame rates 60 fps at 1080p and 100 fps at 720p.

Features

•      1/2.3″ 20M resolution (1.2 µm)
•       BSI
•       I2C and SPI interface
•        Sub-LVDS 12 lanes
•        Binning:
•        Horizontal 1/2
•        Vertical 1/2 to 1/8
•        Built-in Phase lock loop
•         Defect pixel correction
•         Picture flip (Horizontal and vertical)
•          Global reset for mechanical shutter
•          Strobe timing pulse

In January, Toshiba is to sample a 20-megapixel (MP) CMOS image sensor, the TCM5115CL, for digital still cameras.

Volume production is scheduled for August.

The TCM5115CL offers the industry’s highest resolution in the 1/2.3 inch optical format, using backside illumination technology (BSI) to improve sensitivity and imaging performance.

Continued advances in the resolution offered by compact digital cameras—now in the range of 10- to 16MP—have brought with them the challenge of improving performance and picture quality with smaller pixels.

The TCM5115CL does just this by achieving a 15% improvement in full well capacity—the amount of charge an individual pixel can hold before saturating—against Toshiba’s previous generation 16MP sensor (pixel size = 1.34μm).

TCM5115CL delivers frame rates 60fps at 1080p and 100fps at 720p.

Toshiba’s Analog and Imaging System business is lookng for a 30% market share in CMOS imaging sensors in 2015.

For more read: Toshiba to sample 20Mpixel sensor

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Description

The MAX44005 integrates 7 sensors in one product: red, green, blue (RGB) sensors; an ambient light (clear) sensor; a temperature sensor; an ambient infrared sensor, and an infrared proximity sensor with an I²C interface. This highly integrated optical sensor includes a temperature sensor to improve reliability and performance.

The IC computes all the light information with parallel data converters to make simultaneous light measurement in a very short time. The chip consumes only 15µA in RGBC + IR mode and operates at 1.8V supply voltage.

The IC’s RGB sensing capability improves the performance of end products by providing robust and precise information for ambient color sensing and color temperature measurement.

The integrated proximity sensor uses a single-pulse LED scheme to achieve very low power consumption. This method also improves sunlight rejection and 50Hz/60Hz noise to deliver reliable proximity measurements. With this technology, the IC is a perfect solution for touch-screen portable devices and presence detection applications.

Key Features

The post Maxim aims to make sensor technology pervasive appeared first on PIC Microcontroller.

Last week we took a look at how you can wirelessly connect together two unrealted microcontrollers; an Arduino UNO and a PIC. The week before that we showed you how to build Motor Control via Distance Sensing. This week, let’s combine the two project together to make a wireless IR proximity sensor that can control a motor’s speed through a pair of XBee wireless modules.
In this article, we will show you how to build a system where the input and output have seperate microcontrollers and are linked together using XBee modules. The input system will use an infrared distance sensor to measure how far away an object is from the sensor and the output will drive a standard DC motor using a power transistor.

Purpose & Overview Of This Project
The purpose of this project is to create a transmitter system that takes input from a sensor and passes it to a receiver system that produces some correlated output. The input will come from an IR distance sensor and output will go to a motor control circuit, driving a +3v motor. When the IR distance sensor, senses an object is a certain distance away from it, that will be passed to the motor controller, telling the motor to drive at a certain speed. The closer an object is to the sensor, the faster the motor will move.
We will need a fair amount of parts in order to build this system. The transmitter will be an Arduino UNO, with a sharp IR sensor, 16×2 LCD and XBee wireless module connected to it. The receive will be a PIC 18LF4520 with an LED Bar, TIP42, +3v motor and XBee wireless module connected to it. When everything is connected together, moving your hand back and forth infront of the sensor should vary the speed of the motor!

PIC 18LF4520
The PIC 18LF4520 will be part of the receiver system and depending upon the command it receives, it will drive the motor at a ceratin speed and light up a specific amount of LEDs (0 to 8).

Arduino UNO
The role the Arduino UNO will play is that of the transmitter. Depending upon the voltage input from the IR sharp sensor, different commands will be sent to the receiver module through the XBee wireless interface. The 16×2 LCD will also echo the current command being sent.

Sharp IR Distance Sensor
This sensor is the center-piece of this article. It outputs a specific analog voltage depending upon how far away an object is from the sensor.

XBee Wireless Modules
A pair of XBee wireless modules will be used for adding a simple wireless interace component to the system we’re building. Wireless means the sensor can be place wherever you need and the receiver as well without any need to connect the two systems together!

TIP42 Power BJT
To provide enough current to the motor we need to use a power transistor. A PWM signal from the PIC will tell the power transistor when to turn the motor on and when to turn the motor off. The PWM’s duty cycle will determine the speed the motor turns.

Breadboard and Jumper Wire
We’ll use a breadboard for building the circuit since everything is low frequency. Standard jumper wire will be used to connect the circuit together.

The Sharp IR Distance Sensor
There are four parts to the theory of this project that we need to cover before looking at the schematic. The first part is how the IR distance sensor works, the second part of the theory section will be looking at how the motor is controlled, the third part will look at how the XBee wireless modules work and the final part will look at serial communication theory and ASCII.

For more detail: Wireless Sensor Motor Control using PIC18LF4520

Current Project / Post can also be found using:

• pwm dc motor speed controller circuit using pic16f877a microcontroller used component com
• servo motor projects microcontroller

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The ZSSC3016 is a sensor signal conditioner (SSC) integrated circuit for high-accuracy amplification and analog-to-digital conversion of a differential input signal. Designed for high resolution altimeter module applications, the ZSSC3016 can perform offset, span, and 1st and 2nd order temperature compensation of the measured signal. Developed for correction of resistive bridge sensors, it can also provide a corrected temperature output measured with an internal sensor.

The measured and corrected bridge values are provided at the digital output pins, which can be configured as I2C* (≤ 3.4MHz) or SPI (≤ 20MHz). Digital compensation of signal offset, sensitivity, temperature, and non)linearity is accomplished via an 18-bit internal digital signal processor (DSP) running a correction algorithm. Calibration coefficients are stored on-chip in a highly reliable, nonvolatile, multiple-time programmable (MTP) memory. Programming the ZSSC3016 is simple via the serial interface and the PC-controlled calibration software provided in the ZMDI Development Kit. The interface is used for the PC-controlled calibration procedure, which programs the set of calibration coefficients in memory. The digital mating is fast and precise, eliminating the overhead normally associated with trimming external components and multipass calibration routines.

The post Chip adds precision altitude sensing to mobiles appeared first on PIC Microcontroller.

The BME680 from Bosch Sensortec is the world’s first environmental sensor combining pressure, humidity, temperature, and indoor air quality in a single 3×3mm² package.

The new IC enables mobile devices and wearables to monitor indoor air quality measurement in a low power, small footprint package. The level of integration is what makes this solution so attractive as well as Bosch’s capabilities with software algorithms for a full solution.

The IC will enable multiple new capabilities for portable and mobile devices such as air quality measurement, personalized weather stations, indoor navigation, fitness monitoring, home automation, and other applications for the Internet of Things (IoT).

The gas sensor within the BME680 can detect a broad range of gases in order to measure indoor air quality for personal well-being, including Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) from paints (such as formaldehyde), lacquers, paint strippers, cleaning supplies, furnishings, office equipment, glues, adhesives, and alcohol.

For more detail: Combo MEMS sensor solution with integrated gas sensor

Current Project / Post can also be found using:

• Ch340 circuit

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Description

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The communication protocol is explained as follows. The MCU (microcontroller unit) first sends a low signal of width 18mS to the DHT11. After this signal, the MCU pulls up the communication line and waits for the response from DHT11. It make take up to 2. to 40uS. Then the DHT11 pulls down the communication line and keeps it low for 80uS.

Then DHT11 pulls up the line and keeps it high for 80uS. Then the DHT pulls down the line for 50uS and the next high pulse will be the first bit of the data. The data is send in bursts of 8 bits. Each high pulse of the burst indicates a data signal. The 50uS low signals between the data bits are just spacers. The logic of the data bit is identified by measuring the width of it. A 26 to 28uS wide pulse indicates a “LOW” and 70uS wide pulse indicates a “HIGH”.  In simple words, an pulse narrower than 50uS can be taken as a “LOW”  and wider than 50us can be taken as a “HIGH”. The first 8 bits of the data burst represents the integral value of the relative humidity, second 8 bits represent the decimal value of the  relative humidity, third 8 bits represent the integral value of the temperature data, and the last 8 bits represent the decimal value of the temperature data, For DHT11 the decimal values are always zero and we are

For more detail: Humidity sensor using 8051

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Overview

The SMA130

is a new compact

, triaxial acceleration

sen

sor for

non

–

safety automotive applications, packaged in a

LGA pac

k-

age. With its ultra

–

small footprint of only 2 mm x 2 mm and its

very low power consumption, it provides a cost

–

efficient one

–

chip

solution especially for infotainment

systems like in

–

dash navig

a-

tion or telematic on

–

board units.

The SMA130 detects accelera

tions in three perpendicular axes

and allows tilt, motion, vibration or shock sensing regardless of

the mounting orientation of the sensor. In particular the SMA130

eliminates the need for different sensor housings for slant

–

angle

correction in in

–

dash nav

igation systems.

Product description

The SMA

130 contains a digital 1

4

–

bit triaxial acceleration

sensor

with different measurement ranges between

±

2

g and

±

16

g.

Numerous programming options, a low signal noise and a very

small footprint make the SM

A

130 a highly versatile and easily

applicable

accelerometer.

For individual adjustments to the

a

p

plication, the user can easily choose via the digital interface

between four different measurement ranges and several low

pass filtering options. In addition, a

n 8

–

bit temperature signal is

available.

An embedded self

–

test ensures signal integrity.

The sensor accepts supply voltages between 1.62 V and

3.6 V

and can be operated in a temperature

range between

–

40 °C and +85

°C.

The sensor is RoHS compliant and

qualified

according to AEC

–

Q100.

The sensor features five

power

–

safe

modes

(current consum

p-

tion between 1 μA and 66 μA)

with fast wake up times below

2

ms

. The

se user

–

programmable modes

can be used for power

–

critical applications with

low signal samp

ling

rates.

For more detail: Acceleration sensor for infotainment systems 

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By Jon Gabay

Contributed By Electronic Products

2015-10-28

For more detail:  Sensor Technology for Health and Fitness Applications

The post Sensor Technology for Health and Fitness Applications appeared first on PIC Microcontroller.

Microcontroller are widely used in electronics gadget and are one of the key element in developing any project and thus this project used 8051 microcontroller and will help in teaching about interfacing of temperature sensor with ATMEL microcontroller by means of ADC, to display the temperature on a 16×2 LCD and to rotate a DC motor at two different speeds at various temperatures. This project on digital thermometer is good implementation of project using microcontroller.

In this project, we have now given a new temperature feedback to your temperature sensor which in turn modifications this to your similar a new analog voltage which is to be directed at a ADC. For you to convert this analog files in to a digital waveform, determined by a new reference voltage and that is fed to your microcontroller this temperature are going to be viewable with a 16×2 LCD. Control of DC motor is done in such a way that it runs on two different speed depending upon the temperature.
For implementation of this project Proteus software is used which is a software for microcontroller simulation, schematic capture and printed circuit board design and is developed by Labcenter electronics.

This project report contains the circuit diagram and its analysis along with the microcontroller programming for help. In this project LCD and ADC0804 interfacing with AtmelAT89C51 was studied and implemented on Proteus and same was assembled on a PCB. Thus we have successfully made a dc motor to run at different speeds by varying temperature. You can use this project for your reference and study work.

For more detail: DC Motor Control using Temperature Sensor & 8051 Microcontroller

Current Project / Post can also be found using:

• motor pic
• detector projects

The post DC Motor Control using Temperature Sensor & 8051 Microcontroller appeared first on PIC Microcontroller.